The cathode is the basic product of copper production. It is produced in a marketable form at Aurubis for use in high-quality applications. A cathode – a 50 to 80 kg copper square – is produced when pure copper separates from unwrought copper in an electrolytic refining process. Aurubis produces about 1.2 million t of cathodes with a copper content of at least 99.99 % per year in Germany (Hamburg, Lünen), Belgium (Olen) and Bulgaria (Pirdop) Aurubis cathodes are produced with ISA Technology and comply with the cathode standards LME Grade A, Cu-CATH-1 (EN 1978) and Copper Cathodes Grade 1 (ASTM B115). Aurubis cathode production sites are all certified in accordance with ISO 9001 and ISO 14001.